[填空题]
The bolts on the cylinder head of an e3n fyiaar;b- uo +/;lxngine require tightening to a torque 8+l/e3 sycl qoof 38 3qyesl l/c8 o+$m \cdot N$ If a wrench is 28 cm long, what force perpendicular to the wrench must the mechanic exert at its end? N If the six-sided bolt head is 15 mm in diameter, estimate the force applied near each of the six points by a socket wrench (Fig. 8–41). N